Tag: philosophy

Iran, officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, formerly known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It has a population of over ninety million people, and is the sixth largest country in Asia. It is divided into five regions with thirty one provinces. The city of Tehran is the nation’s capital, largest city, and financial centre. Iran is currently an Islamic theocracy. Although certain elections are held, the ultimate authority is vested in the Supreme Leader.

The country is rich in natural resources, including that which is considered to be one of the largest deposits of oil, in the world.

Iran is home to one of the oldest, continuous major civilizations. It has an ancient and distinguished history, of which the people of Iran can be supremely proud. 

In the early twentieth century, the Persian Constitutional Revolution gave birth to the Pahlavi Dynasty of Reza Shah, beginning in 1925. Then from 1941, his son, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi was in power. The Iranian Revolution of 1979 overthrew the monarchy, and the Islamic Republic of Iran was established. The first Supreme Leader was Ruhollah Khomeini. 

It is significant that Iran has a sizeable industrial base, mainly involved in mining and manufacturing. The reason this is significant, is because that means it has a considerable working class, a proletariat. In fact, estimates place the number of workers at around forty percent of the population. 

Of course, there are still a considerable number of family farmers in Iran, referred to as peasants, although there are no firm estimates. As well, there is a sizeable middle class, technically referred to as the petty bourgeois, mainly shop keepers. They tend to be quite vocal, and receive a lot of attention, from the press. 

On December 28, 2025, the current Iranian Revolution began. At first, it was only the shop keepers in Tehran who took to the streets, protesting against raging inflation, so that the value of the Iranian currency, the rial, was negligible. Most common people could not afford even the most basic food items. 

The demonstrations soon spread to universities. Both faculty and students joined the protests. From there, the movement quickly expanded, to include demands to end the current regime. This is to say that the protest went from a strictly economic base, to a political base. 

Within a few days, the movement, now a full scale Revolution, spread to all parts of Iran. The women are playing a leading role, dancing in the streets, removing their head scarves, cutting their hair and even burning those same head scarves. All of which is strictly against the law!

The mainstream press is now quite cheerfully reporting that certain protesters are calling for the return of the son of the exiled Shah, Prince Reza Pahlavi. They would have us believe that there is a counter revolution going on in Iran, in that the people of Iran want to return to a state of monarchy. This is not likely.

Without a doubt, there are Iranians who ‘’pine for the good old days’’, in which they were ruled by a Shah, which is a monarch. Equally without doubt, those people are in a minority. The vast majority of people want to go forward, to a democracy, not backwards, to the rule of a monarch. 

In an attempt to contain the Revolution, the government of Iran cut off all internet access. This attempt was unsuccessful, as people found a way to get in touch with each other, bypassing the internet.

President Trump has responded to this Iranian Revolution, with a threat of once again going to war, possibly with the assistance of Israel. This happened quite recently, in that which is being referred to as the Twelve Day War.

The Ayatollah Khamenei, the Supreme Leader, has issued his own statement. He is demanding that American troops leave the Middle East, and stop interfering in the internal affairs of Iran. He also accused Washington of deception. 

Whatever else the Ayatollah may be, he is not a fool! To paraphrase an old expression, ‘’You can always tell when Donald Trump is lying. His lips are moving’’!

As I write this, the Iranian Revolution is unfolding. It remains to be seen, if it will indeed result in the creation of a democratic republic, or if the exiled Shah will manage to return to power. Either way, that is the business of the people of Iran. 

For our part, we can best support the people of Iran, by placing pressure on our respective governments, to quit meddling in the internal affairs of the people of Iran.

As well, those of us who personally know people who live in Iran, are free to recommend the classic works of Marx and Lenin. These include The Communist Manifesto, by Marx and Engels, as well as State and Revolution, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism, What Is To Be Done?, and Left Wing Communism, An Infantile Disorder, all by Lenin. It is very likely that they have been translated into Farsi, the official language of Iran, and may be available on the internet.

It is entirely possible that true Communist leaders have already emerged, within the country of Iran. Or possibly not. Either way, the fact of the matter is that, during a time of revolution, countless people, including those who were formerly apathetic, become politically active. This is especially true of the working class, the proletariat. Among the workers who have now become politically active, it is reasonable to assume that some of them will assume positions of responsibility. Leaders. 

To such people, I can only suggest that a careful reading of the following, written by Lenin, contained within his work, Left Wing Communism, An Infantile Disorder:

‘’The fundamental law of revolution, which has been confirmed by all revolutions, and especially by all three Russian revolutions in the twentieth century, is as follows: for a revolution to take place, it is not enough for the exploited and oppressed masses to realize the impossibility of living in the old way, and demand changes; for a revolution to take place, it is essential that the exploiters should not be able to live and rule in the old way. It is only when the ‘lower classes’ do not want to live in the old way, and the ‘upper classes’ cannot carry on in the old way, that the revolution can triumph. This truth can be expressed in other words: revolution is impossible without a nation wide crisis (affecting both the exploiters and the exploited). It follows that, for a revolution to take place, it is essential first, that a majority of the workers (or at least a majority of the class conscious, thinking, and politically active workers), should fully realize that revolution is necessary, and that they should be prepared to die for it; second, that the ruling classes should be going through a governmental crisis, which draws even the most backward masses into politics (symptomatic of any genuine revolution is a rapid, tenfold and even hundredfold increase in the size of the working and oppressed masses- hitherto apathetic- who are capable of waging the political struggle), weakens the government, and makes it possible for the revolutionaries to rapidly overthrow it.’’ (italics by Lenin)

I consider the preceding paragraph to be of supreme importance. I would love to see it in poster form, and placed on the walls of all advanced workers. As well as on the walls of all union halls. I would be the first to buy a copy.

No doubt, a proper understanding of that paragraph, will inspire people to read other select works of Marx and Lenin, previously mentioned. 

In State and Revolution, Lenin states that, ‘’A democratic republic is the best possible political shell for capitalism, and, therefore, once capital has gained control of this very best shell …it establishes its power so securely, so firmly, that no change, either of persons, of institutions, or of parties in the bourgeois-democratic republic, can shake it.’’ (italics by Lenin)

In that same work, Lenin went on to explain that, ‘’All the revolutions which have occurred up to now, have helped to perfect the state machine, whereas it must be smashed, broken.’’ (my italics)

We can only hope that the advanced workers of Iran, will seriously consider this advice of Lenin. A democratic republic is certainly far superior to a monarchy. Yet it remains a bourgeois dictatorship, under the rule of the monopoly capitalists, the bourgeoisie. 

Just as a democratic republic is far superior to a monarchy, so too, a Scientific Socialist Society, in the form of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat, is far superior to a democratic republic. Marx described this quite clearly, in 1852, in a letter to Weydemeyer:

‘’And now as to myself, no credit is due to me for discovering the existence of classes in modern society, nor yet the struggle between them. Long before me, bourgeois historians had described the historical development of this class struggle, and bourgeois economists the economic anatomy of the classes. What I did that was new was to prove: 1) that the existence of classes is only bound up with particular historical phases in the development of production; 2) that the class struggle necessarily leads to the Dictatorship of the Proletariat; 3) that this Dictatorship itself only constitutes the transition to the abolition of all classes and to a classless society.’’ (italics by Lenin)

That is another paragraph I would love to see in poster form! I consider it to be of the utmost importance! 

May I further stress the fact that Marx stated, ‘’the class struggle necessarily lead to the Dictatorship of the Proletariat’’. I have deliberately chosen to place the word ‘’necessarily’’ in italics, in order to stress its importance. The class struggle, of necessity, leads to Scientific Socialism, in the form of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat!

To those currently taking part in the Iranian Revolution, may I suggest focusing on the ultimate goal of all revolutions, which is the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. It may help to think of the democratic republic as a mere stop gap measure. A step in the right direction, but merely a step. The monopoly capitalists remain in charge. They must be overthrown and crushed, by the working class, the proletariat.

I can only hope that the preceding was helpful, to the Iranian Revolutionaries. 

With Most Sincere Communist Greetings, 

Gerald McIsaac 

The title of this article may appear to be rather strange, as we do not even have a Communist Party. For that reason, this may seem to be ‘’putting the cart before the horse’’. Yet due to the breadth and depth of the revolutionary movement, it is very likely that a true Communist Party will soon take shape. As soon as that happens, the capitalists will make every effort to infiltrate the Party, as was the case of all previous Communist Parties. What is more, all too often, they succeeded in causing serious damage. For that reason, we had best be prepared.

Our current situation is similar to that which existed in Europe, in 1918. At that time, as Lenin phrased it, ‘’Over four years of a most exhausting and reactionary war have done their work. One can feel the impending proletarian revolution in Europe- in Austria, Italy, Germany, France and even in Britain’’.

In my opinion, we can now ‘’feel the impending proletarian revolution’’, not only in Europe, but also in other parts of the world, most notably in America. It is also a fact that, just as was the case of Europe in 1918, we do not have a true Communist Party. Bear in mind that a true Communist Party, openly calls for the Dictatorship of the Proletariat, the ‘’touchstone of a true Communist’’, according to Lenin.

As this subject is so important, it is necessary to go into it, in more detail. Also, for the benefit of those who are just now becoming politically active, I should mention that the Marxists at that time, led by Lenin, referred to themselves as Social Democrats, later changed their name to Bolsheviks, and still later to Communists.

The fact of the matter is that we have numerous revisionist Communist Parties, those which claim to be followers of Marx and Lenin, while maintaining that the revolutionary theories of those great revolutionaries, must be revised! Sometimes they state this openly, while more often, they tend to avoid the subject. This is their idea of being clever. 

This revisionist tendency is ‘’nothing new’’. As Lenin explained, quite clearly, in What Is To Be Done?, written in 1902, ‘’The content of this new tendency did not have to grow and develop, it was transferred bodily from bourgeois literature to socialist literature’’.

That is true to this day. The revolutionary theories of Marx and Lenin are ‘’taught’’ only in Universities, and then only with a view to distorting them. Further, as it is primarily the children of the bourgeois who attend University, this bourgeois distortion of those revolutionary theories is still embraced by the children of the bourgeois, including those who are more ‘’Progressive’’, or ‘’Liberal’’, or ‘’Leftist’’, to use the bourgeois terminology. Some of them even consider themselves to be Socialists.

This begs the question: What is this ‘’new tendency’’, to which Lenin was referring? The answer: ‘’The demand for a definite change from revolutionary Social-Democracy (Communism) to bourgeois social-reformism, was accompanied by a no less definite turn towards bourgeois criticism of all the fundamental ideas of Marxism…The possibility of putting socialism on a scientific basis, and of proving that it is necessary and inevitable, from the point of view of the materialist conception of history, was denied, as also were the facts of growing impoverishment and proletarianization, and the intensification of capitalist contradictions. The very conception, ‘ultimate aim’, was declared to be unsound, and the idea of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat was absolutely rejected. It was denied that there is any difference in principle between liberalism and socialism. The theory of the class struggle was rejected, on the grounds that it could not be applied to a strictly democratic society, governed according to the will of the majority, etc.’’ (italics by Lenin)

There are those who may object, apparently quite reasonably, that this ‘’infatuation with theory’’, is merely a matter of petty squabbling, between competing factions of intellectuals. For that reason, it is of no concern to working people!

While such an objection may sound quite reasonable, it is deeply flawed. The fact of the matter is that the social chauvinists, those who are socialists in words, chauvinists in deeds, are determined to establish themselves as leaders of the working class, and at the time of the revolution, seize control of the existing state apparatus, and set themselves up, as the new rulers!

The problem is that the working class, the proletariat, is not aware of itself as a class! The conditions of life, of the working class, do not lead to that awareness. For that reason, it is only natural for working people to assume that the capitalists can be overthrown, at the time of the revolution, and then crushed, under the existing state apparatus. 

Yet experience has shown that nothing can be farther from the truth! The lessons learned from previous revolutionary experience, are referred to as ‘’theory’’. Better we learn from previous experience, rather than repeat those mistakes! That is the reason theory is so important!

As for those who may think that I am over stating the case, consider the opinion of Lenin: ‘’Without a revolutionary theory, there can be no revolutionary movement. …The importance of theory for (our Party) is still greater for three reasons…The first is that our Party is only in the process of formation, its features are but just becoming outlined, and it has not yet completely settled its accounts with other tendencies in the revolutionary thought, which threaten to divert the movement from the proper path’’.

The ‘’proper path’’, to which Lenin referred, is the overthrow of the ruling class of monopoly capitalists, the multi billionaires, technically referred to as the bourgeoisie, the smashing of the existing state apparatus, and the establishment of a new state apparatus, in order to crush the ‘’desperate and determined resistance of the bourgeoisie’’, as they make every effort to return to power. This new state apparatus is referred to as the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.

It is safe to say that in our case, the ‘’Party’’ is not even in the process of formation, but soon will be. At that time, it will have to ‘’settle accounts’’ with other tendencies, especially those which are determined to ‘’divert the movement from the proper path’’. 

Perhaps one such ‘’tendency’’ is that of the Democratic Socialists of America, the DSA. They are certainly the most obvious, and refer to themselves as Socialists. Not that they are fighting for Socialism. They are fighting for Democracy and Reforms. The DSA wants to ‘’patch up’’ capitalism. That is their idea of Socialism!

It is only true Communists, Scientific Socialists, those who follow the revolutionary theories of Marx and Lenin, who are the true Socialists. Both of them examined capitalism, from a scientific viewpoint. This stands in stark contrast to the Utopian Socialists, those who think that ‘’Socialism is merely a good idea’’.

Now the working people have to be made aware of this. 

Lenin went on to state: ‘’We have observed …. a revival of non-Social-Democratic (Communist) revolutionary tendencies. Under such circumstances, what at first sight appears to be an ‘unimportant’ mistake, may give rise to most deplorable consequences, and only the short sighted would consider factional disputes and strict distinction of shades to be inopportune and superfluous. The fate of Russian Social Democracy (Communism) for many, many years to come, may be determined by the strengthening of one or the other ‘shade’.’’

As our Communist Party takes shape, we are well advised to pay strict attention to any and all non-Communist tendencies, no matter how minor they may appear!

Lenin: ‘’The second reason is that the Social Democratic (Communist) movement is essentially an international movement. This does not merely mean that we must combat national chauvinism. It also means that a movement that is starting in a young country, can be successful only on the condition that it assimilates the experience of other countries. In order to assimilate this experience, it is not sufficient merely to be acquainted with it, or merely to transcribe the latest resolutions. A critical attitude is required towards this experience, and ability to subject it to independent tests. Only those who realize how much the modern labour movement has grown in strength, will understand what a reserve of theoretical forces and political (as well as revolutionary) experience is required to fulfill this task’’. 

Our current American Revolution closely resembles the Great Russian October Soviet Socialist Revolution. For that reason, we can learn a great deal from that Revolution. 

Lenin: ‘’The third reason is that the national tasks of Russian Social Democracy (Communism) are such as have never confronted any other Socialist  Party in the world. …We merely wish to state that the role of vanguard can be fulfilled only by a Party that is guided by an advanced theory’’. (italics by Lenin)

The Communist Party has a duty to provide the working class people with the proper leadership. That duty can be properly fulfilled, only when that Party is ‘’guided by an advanced theory’’. 

Lenin then proceeded to quote Engels, concerning the significance of theory in the Communist movement: ‘’Engels recognizes not two forms of the great struggle Social Democracy (Communism) is conducting, (political and economic), as is the fashion among us, but three, adding to the first two the theoretical struggle.’’ (italics by Lenin)

This was followed by a rather lengthy passage from the Introduction by Engels, to The Peasant War in Germany. Bear in mind that, at that time, the German Communist Party was among the finest, in the world. But only because the Party leaders advocated the revolutionary theories of Marx and Engels. 

Yet several years later, under extreme pressure, due to the outbreak of the First World War, most of those previously fine Communists ‘’turned their coats’’. They called for the ‘’Defence of the Fatherland!’’ The defence of the bourgeoisie!

It is note worthy that Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxembourg, were the notable exceptions. They adhered to principle, and paid for it, with their lives. Both were murdered. Martyrs to Communism.

The German common people, both workers and farmers, were thus deprived of their leaders, and of course, reaction set in. 

In other parts of the world, a similar situation played out. In countries with true Communist Parties, those leaders also called for ‘’Defence of the Fatherland’’. Class traitors!

Then there were countries with no Communist Party, and no Communist leaders. That pretty well describes our current situation. 

Lenin had a few words to say, concerning our current predicament: ‘’Europe’s greatest misfortune and danger is that it has no revolutionary party. It has parties of traitors…But it has no revolutionary party. Of course, a mighty, popular revolutionary movement may rectify this deficiency, but it is nevertheless a serious misfortune and a grave danger. That is why we must do our best to expose renegades like Kautksy, thereby supporting the revolutionary groups of genuine international workers, who are to be found in all countries. The proletariat will very soon turn away from the traitors and renegades and follow these groups, drawing and training leaders from their midst. No wonder the bourgeoisie of all countries are howling about ‘world Bolshevism’ (Communism). World Bolshevism (Communism) will conquer world bourgeoisie’’. (italics by Lenin)

Without doubt, we are currently experiencing a ‘’mighty, popular revolutionary movement’’, which ‘’may rectify this deficiency’’. Now it is up to us, Scientific Socialists, Communists, to make sure that happens. The best way to do that, is by ‘’exposing’’ the renegades to Marxism, those who claim to be Communists, but are in fact revisionists. In this way, we can ‘’support the revolutionary groups of genuine internationalist workers’’. 

As the revolution unfolds, we can fully expect the vast majority of workers to gravitate towards those who merely claim to be Socialists, or even Communists. It is the duty of true Communists, to expose those who are revisionists, or even mere reformers. In this way, those same newly awakened workers will ‘’turn away from the traitors and renegades’’, and follow the ‘’revolutionary groups of internationalist workers’’. In turn, leaders will be ‘’drawn and trained from their midst’’. 

After that rather lengthy introduction, we can now return to the subject of the title of this article. Assuming that a true Communist Party is about to be created, as I am sure is the case, the importance of periodic purges must be stressed. There is no other way of ensuring the purity of the Party!

To phrase this in popular terms, many years ago, a small time thief became famous, when he answered a simple question: Why do you rob banks? Answer: ‘’Because that is where the money is’’. 

At the time of the Revolution, the existing state apparatus will be smashed, and the current ruling class of multi billionaires, the bourgeoisie, will be crushed, under the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. All political power will be in the hands of the Communist Party. So where will the capitalists go? Into the Party, of course, as that is where the power is! Hence the need for purges!

By the same token, purges which do not take place, can lead to deplorable consequences. One such example occurred in early October of 1917. At that time, Kerensky, the leader of the Russian Provisional Government, was determined to surrender the capital of Petrograd, to the Germans, in order to quell the Revolution.

For that reason, Lenin was determined to immediately mount the Insurrection, to overthrow the Provisional Government, and establish the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. The majority of the Central Committee agreed to this, and plans were prepared, in secret. 

Yet two Members, of that Central Committee, Zinoviev and Kamenev, were opposed to this. So they made public those plans! They did their best to sabotage the Insurrection! 

In response to this act of treachery, Lenin wanted them removed, purged, from the Party. The Central Committee refused. They remained, not only within the Party, but also as Members of the Central Committee. A huge mistake! They continued with their anti Party activities, until Stalin had them shot, years later.

A second example is one involving the Chinese Communist Party, during the time they were truly Communist. This calls for a little explanation.

In a previous article, I conducted a criticism of Mao. A great revolutionary, but one who made some serious mistakes. One of those mistakes was that the Cultural Revolution was largely restricted to Culture. It merely touched upon science. As a result of this, the Chinese capitalists merely hid in various fields of science, biding their time. After the death of Mao, they were able to return to power.  

At the time I wrote that article, I deliberately refrained from a second point, as I did not have all of the details, which are very important. However, it is even more important to stress the importance of periodically purging the Party.

A second mistake of Mao, was that of ‘’patiently struggling’’ with certain high ranking members of the Party. These were people who were determined to restore capitalism. Such people do not respond to struggle! They should have been purged! They were not!

At the time of the death of Mao, the Central Committee consisted of seven Members. Three of them were dedicated capitalists. A minority. Yet they got together and mounted a coup. The four Member majority was arrested, probably by the military, and the capitalists returned to power. 

This is to stress the fact that a periodic purge of the Communist Party is absolutely essential! It was the absence of such purges which contributed to the collapse of both the Soviet Union and Communist China. These mistakes we must not repeat!

With Most Sincere Communist Greetings,

Gerald McIsaac

Most readers will likely scoff at the title of this article, as they consider such a collapse to be a ‘’flight of fantasy’’. In response to such starry eyed optimism, may I suggest that the title was not chosen at random, or even with a view to shock. On the contrary, the title was chosen after a great deal of consideration. 

Consider the fact that, over the period of a great many years, numerous civilizations have come into existence, risen to a peak, and then fallen into decline, finally collapsing completely. Such a collapse could happen to our civilization.  

In the ‘’Western World’’, perhaps the Roman Empire is the most famous. After a period of several hundred years, the expression ‘’Rome is Eternal’’, became wide spread. Countless people believed this. Who could blame them?

Then there is the ‘’Eastern World’’, in which the Chinese civilization was perhaps the most advanced. Some of their inventions were indeed revolutionary. These included such items as the compass, which made possible navigation of the oceans. Then there was the crossbow, as well as steel and gunpowder. In fact, at one point, the Chinese civilization was far superior to any European civilization.

Yet, just as the Roman civilization fell into decline, so too, the Chinese civilization also came to a peak, and began to rot. In time, they joined the numerous previous civilizations which preceded them. 

Historians have offered countless explanations, for the decline and collapse of those civilizations. Different historians offer different explanations, for the same civilization. Some of these explanations are quite ‘’creative’’, even ‘’entertaining’’, if nothing else. In fact, they border on a ‘’work of fiction’’. Yet they are presented as ‘’scientific facts’’. 

All bourgeois historians are careful to avoid any reference, to the existence of classes, within all civilizations. Yet it is the existence of classes, which is the key to the decline of all civilizations.

By contrast, all primitive societies, which give rise to civilization, are devoid of classes! Primitive society is class free! All members of such societies work together! Everyone ‘’pulls their own weight’’! They have to! As members of a hunting-gathering society, there is never a surplus. ‘’Slackards” are simply not tolerated! Bear in mind that expulsion from the group, amounts to a death sentence. No one, alone, can survive in such an environment. 

Yet in different parts of the world, stone age people learned to invent various articles, such as spears, knives, bows and arrows, needles and thread, as well as pottery. 

In due time, in various part of the world, someone got the brilliant idea of sowing seeds, rather than just harvesting the wild crop. As well, animals were also domesticated and bred. Lo and behold, for the first time, a surplus was created. At the same time, this surplus gave rise to classes. Of course, the first classes were slaves and slave owners. Civilization!

Frequently, under civilization, these newly created ruling classes had certain progressive characteristics. They were able to create works of art and monuments, many of which still stand, to this day. Yet these creative impulses were ‘’not hereditary’’. All too many of their descendants, were not interested in ‘’following in the footsteps’’, of their ancestors. In fact, they became downright reactionary, lazy, ‘’slothful’’, preferring to allow nature ‘’to take its own course’’. And so it did. 

After a number of generations, the civilizations fell into decline, and eventually collapsed. Even the knowledge of how to create certain items, was lost. We can only stress the fact that each previous civilization fell into decline, and eventually collapsed, because the ruling classes became reactionary. Further, there was no progressive class to counteract this decline.

A very clear cut example of this, is provided by the ruins of a ‘’temple complex’’, referred to as Gobekli Tepi, within the country of Turkey. It is estimated that, possibly twelve thousand years ago, people came together, carved, transported and erected a number of ‘’T-shaped pillars’’, many of them 5.5 meters in length, and weighing as much as 20 tons! There is also extensive art work carved into these pillars.

This complex was clearly built over a period of a great many years. Further, the oldest construction was of a far better quality than the more recent additions. This suggests that the society which built them, was in a process of decay. Rather than progressing, it was reverting, to a more primitive state. This is characteristic of a civilization in decline.

This presents a little problem for modern day archaeologists, as they believe that agriculture, the cultivation of crops, did not begin until hundreds of years later. So how could stone age people, members of a hunting-gathering society, manage to carve, transport and erect those stones, using tools which are not available to such people?

Such a ‘’paradox’’ was squarely faced by the scientists, and some of them managed to ‘’rise to the occasion’’. They maintain that members of a hunting-gathering society, stone age people, came together and ‘’organized the construction of the complex’’. 

Just how members of a primitive society, without having any surplus, living constantly on the verge of starvation, could find the time and resources to build such an elaborate complex, with their ‘’bare hands’’, is carefully overlooked. Not possible! Yet such nonsense is presented as a ‘’scientific theory’’!

Such an elaborate complex could only have been built, as the result of a rather advanced civilization. One which was proficient in agriculture, very likely cultivated crops, as well as animals, and subsequently, had a surplus. They also had tools, with which they were able to construct that complex. No other explanation makes the slightest bit of sense.

Naturally, over a period of many generations, that same civilization fell into decline, eventually collapsed, and has been lost to history. 

That is by no means the only ‘’lost civilization’’. As I have documented, in a previous article, there was also an ancient civilization, in Egypt, at around the same time, perhaps ten thousand to twelve thousand years ago. Perhaps longer!

This ancient Egyptian civilization was truly advanced. They even used electricity, and not just for illumination. It was also used for operating machines, including diamond tipped saws, which cut granite blocks. Bear in mind that granite is as hard as steel. Examples of this can be seen in the Museum of Ancient Egyptian Artifacts, in Cairo. 

As I have documented this in a previous article, there is no need to repeat it here. 

Some of these artifacts on display, includes dishes, carved from solid blocks of granite! And not just plates and bowls. Also vases, complete with openings for fingers, at the top of the vases. 

This is most significant, as it is the opinion of an electrical engineer, a computer programmer, that it would be a challenge, to design a program which could carve a vase, from a block of concrete, to the accuracy attained by those ancient Egyptians! 

To think that an ancient Egyptian civilization had the technology which rivals our own! They were somehow able to write a program, perhaps to instruct a tape reader, to order a numerically controlled machine, complete with diamond tipped drill bits, to carve a vase, from a solid block of granite. As we are in possession of those vases, there can be no doubt, on that subject.

As well, there can also be no doubt that the same civilization, which was so advanced, fell into decline and collapsed. Could that same collapse happen to our civilization? What is to prevent the collapse of our civilization?

The answer to that question, in a ‘’nutshell’’, is the class of the Proletariat! Our civilization is the only one to experience an industrial revolution! Historians consider this to be the greatest thing to happen to humanity, since the cultivation of plants and animals. True! It gave birth to mass production! Yet it also gave birth to two new, revolutionary classes!

At the time of the industrial revolution, the class of people known as the ‘’burghers’’, saw the potential to become supremely wealthy, and invested their money in factories, mines, mills and other ‘’sources of production’’. Also railroads, shipping lines and other ‘’means of transportation’’. As well, banks and other ‘’financial institutions’’. 

I use this ‘’technical jargon’’, for the benefit of the working people, those who are just now becoming politically active. Tiresome or not, we have got to become familiar with such terms, as otherwise the capitalists will use our lack of awareness against us. 

To proceed. The burghers became transformed into capitalists, also known as the ‘’bourgeois’’. Now the absolute richest, the multi billionaires, are known as the ‘’bourgeoisie’’. Not that they refer to themselves in such a manner. They prefer to refer to themselves as ‘’business people’’, or ‘’entrepreneurs’’. 

This newly created class of capitalists, required people to run their machines. Such people, who sell themselves by the hour, are referred to as ‘’proletarians’’. Mind you, we tend to refer to ourselves as ‘’workers’’. A second revolutionary class!

Marx and Engels covered this supremely well, in the Communist Manifesto. As I have gone into this, on numerous occasions, in previous articles, there is no need to repeat it here. Suffice it to say that at first, the capitalists were truly revolutionary. That which they created, leaves no room for debate, on that subject. 

That all changed, and quite dramatically, at around the beginning of the twentieth century. At that time, capitalism reached its highest stage, that of monopoly, otherwise known as ‘’imperialism’’. Lenin covered this supremely well, in his book, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism. 

This too, I have covered in previous articles. Suffice it to say that, as Lenin stated, ‘’Imperialism is reaction, right down the line’’.

Monopoly capitalists, imperialists, the multi billionaires, the bourgeoisie, are no longer the slightest bit revolutionary! Progressive they are not! They are completely reactionary!

Just as all previous civilizations- even the most advanced!- have collapsed, due to the fact that the ruling classes became completely reactionary, so too, our ruling class of multi billionaires is also determined to drive our civilization, ‘’into the ground’’. They must be stopped.

Allow me to stress the fact that the difference between our civilization, and all previous civilizations, is the fact that our civilization is the only civilization to have experienced an industrial revolution. This gave birth to the revolutionary working class, the proletariat! It is the revolutionary proletariat which is destined to overthrow the reactionary class of bourgeoisie, and prevent the collapse of our civilization!

It was Marx who first conducted a scientific examination of capitalism, and proved that it would lead to a state of socialism, in the form of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. This too, I have covered in previous articles.

Yet Marx also made it clear that the conditions of life, of the working class, the proletariat, does not lead to the awareness of itself, as a class, with its own class interests! That awareness must come from an outside source, middle class intellectuals. Bear in mind that both Marx and Lenin were middle class intellectuals.

In previous articles, I have compared the class struggle to a boxing match, but one in which one of the boxers is blindfolded. Of course, the boxer who is blindfolded represents the working class, swinging wildly in all directions. His opponent, who can see well, is able to land countless blows. But then he represents the capitalist class, and the bourgeois is supremely class conscious.

A childish comparison, I know, but one which serves to drive home the point. The ‘’blindfold’’ must be removed, which is to say that the working class must become aware of itself as a class, with its own class interests. Those interests include fighting the capitalist class, as our interests are diametrically opposed. 

There can be no doubt that our civilization is in decline. Our science books are filled with superstition, distortions and outright lies. As I have documented this in numerous previous articles, there is no need to repeat it here.

As well, the revolutionary theories of Marx and Lenin are taught only in Universities, and then only with a view to distorting them. As it is mainly the children of the bourgeois who are able to attend University, these revolutionary theories are carefully concealed from the working class. 

In conclusion, our civilization is in decline, facing collapse, and it is only the revolutionary working class, the proletariat, which can reverse this decline. 

Now it is up to middle class intellectuals to raise the level of awareness of the proletariat, to bring the most advanced workers to the level of Scientific Socialists, Communists, aware of the revolutionary theories of Marx and Lenin. As the proletariat is now quite cultured, so that most members own digital devices, and have access to the internet, this goal is now much easier than it was at the time of Lenin. 

We will know we are being successful in getting our message across, when the internet, as well as posters and banners, proclaim:

Workers of the World, Unite!

Scientific Socialism!

Dictatorship of the Proletariat!

Peace! Democracy! Socialism!

On December 2, 2025, in the state of Tennessee, an election was held, in a ‘’ruby red’’ Congressional District, as the previously elected Republican Member of Congress had resigned, in the middle of his two year term. This election captured the attention of the mainstream press, and calls for a little explanation. 

Usually, such ‘’Special Elections’’ receive little attention, from the mainstream press. But then ‘’usually’’, the country is not in a state of Revolution! These are not ‘’usual’’ times! The country is currently experiencing a Revolution, and the effects are being felt, even in such rather remote states as Tennessee. 

All of the journalists who are reporting on this election, both those who work for the mainstream press, as well as those who consider themselves to be ‘’Leftist’’, are accurately describing the events, as they unfold. Yet none of them are making any mention of the under lying cause of this ‘’seismic shift’’, this drastic change of voter attitude, from the ‘’MAGA world of Trump’’, to the ‘’Left’’. But then, it is very likely that none of them are capable of understanding the fact, that the Second American Revolution is underway. 

For the benefit of those who may not be aware, the expression ‘’ruby red’’ is a reference to the parts of the country which are considered to be solidly Republican, pro Trump, or ‘’MAGA’’, Make America Great Again, as that is the slogan of Trump.

By way of contrast, areas of the country, which are pro Democratic, are considered to be ‘’blue states’’. They are classified as more progressive, or ‘’Leftist’’. The terminology is not mine.

This particular Congressional District has certainly earned the dubious distinction, that of ‘’ruby red’’. In previous elections, it has consistently voted, overwhelmingly, in favour of Trump and his reactionary policies. Not any more!

In this particular election, the Democratic candidate was Aftyn Behn. The more cynical narrators, are of the opinion that her qualifications include the fact that she is ‘’White, Blonde and Attractive’’. This is offset somewhat, by the fact that she once stated that she ‘’did not like country music’’. In a state such as Tennessee, this borders on blasphemy! Clearly, she is hardly the ‘’sharpest tool in the shed’’. 

Yet even though her chances of winning the election were negligible, the Democratic Party bosses decided to offer some limited support. They gave her a script to recite, in which she stressed the fact that ‘’working people were struggling, trying to make ends meet’’. This was her response to any and all questions, from all journalists, concerning all subjects. Regardless of how hard they tried, none were able to ‘’pin her down’’, on any subject. She just stuck to her standard response. 

Her Republican opponent was Matt van Epps. As a true ‘’MAGA’’ politician, he had the full support of President Trump. In fact, on the last day before the vote, Trump went on the air, in support of van Epps. As well, Speaker of the House Mike Johnson went to Tennessee to campaign for van Epps. They were clearly worried that he might lose this election!

As is well known, the Republicans won the election, but the margin of victory was nowhere near the overwhelming margin that was expected, as it had been in previous elections. Clearly, the Revolution has reached even into this rather remote area of Tennessee.

This particular state is mainly ‘’rural’’, which is to say that it has ‘’low population densities’’. In other words, there are not a great many people, it is spread out, and generally complete with a considerable number of family farms.

This stands in stark contrast to ‘’urban’’, which is to say ‘’high population densities’’, a great many people living in rather small areas. These are generally referred to as cities. 

The life styles of people who live in rural areas, are generally far different from the lifestyles of those who live in urban areas. These different life styles are generally reflected in their political affiliations. More or less as a result of this, those who live in rural areas are more likely to support Trump, and his MAGA policies, while those who live in urban areas, tend to be more cultured, which leads to ‘’having their horizons broadened’’, so that they are more likely to ‘’lean towards the Left’’, even to the point of embracing socialism. 

Yet a great many common people, both workers and family farmers, within the state of Tennessee, have had a ‘’change of heart’’, and are now voting ‘’Leftist’’. This has happened as a result of the Second American Revolution.

This has wide ranging implications for the Revolution. The ruling class of monopoly capitalists, multi billionaires, the bourgeoisie, must be overthrown. That can happen only through an insurrection. It stands to reason that it only makes sense to carefully prepare, for that insurrection. 

On that subject, Marx had a few select words of advice: ‘’Insurrection is an art quite as much as war or any other art, and is subject to certain procedural rules which, when neglected, will bring about the downfall of the party neglecting them….Firstly, never play with insurrection, unless you are fully prepared to go the whole way…Insurrection is an equation with very indefinite magnitudes, the value of which may change every day; the forces opposed to you have all the advantage of organization, discipline and habitual authority; unless you bring strong odds against them, you are defeated and ruined. Secondly, once you have entered upon the insurrectionary career, act with the greatest determination, and on the offensive. The defensive is the death of every armed rising; it is lost before it measures itself with its enemies. Surprise your antagonists while their forces are scattered, prepare the way for new successes, however small, but prepare daily; keep up the moral superiority which the first successful rising has given to you; rally in this way those vacillating elements to your side, which always follow the strongest impulse and which always look out for the safer side; force your enemies to retreat, before they can collect their strength against you; in the words of Danton, the greatest master of military tactics yet known: ‘Be audacious, be audacious, and be more audacious!’’’

This advice of Marx, was carefully considered by Lenin, on July 3-5, 1917. These dates have gone down in history, as the ‘’Revolutionary July Days’’. There was a spontaneous uprising, and in fact, Lenin could have taken that opportunity to call for an insurrection. He did not. Instead, he called for calm. The question is, why?

Because the insurrection would almost certainly have failed! It was too soon! At that time, the most advanced members of the common people, workers and farmers, did not support an insurrection! More work had to be done, in order to raise the level of awareness of those advanced workers and farmers.

As Lenin phrased it, ‘’If the revolutionary party has no majority in the advanced contingents of the revolutionary classes, and in the country, insurrection is out of the question. Moreover, insurrection requires: 1) growth of the revolution on a country wide scale; 2) the complete moral and political bankruptcy of the old government; 3) extreme vacillation in the camp of all middle groups, i.e., those who do not fully support the government, although they did fully support it yesterday’’. (italics by Lenin, and i.e. means ‘’that is’’) 

As is well known, it is my opinion that the ‘’No Kings Protest’’ of October 18, 2025, marked the beginning of this, the Second American Revolution. As well, I am convinced that this Revolution will closely resemble the Great Russian Soviet Socialist Proletarian Revolution, of 1917. For that reason, we can- and must!- learn from that Revolution. 

An insurrection in Russia, in July of 1917, would have failed, due to the fact that the most advanced members, of the classes of workers and farmers, did not support the Revolutionary Party of Lenin, at that time referred to as the Bolsheviks. That was the reasons Lenin called for calm! It was too soon! More preparation was required! Harvest the crop only when the fruit is ripe!

It was necessary to raise the level of awareness of the workers and farmers, especially the most advanced workers, as it is the workers, the proletariat, which is the only consistently revolutionary class!

At that time, the majority of common people, in Russia, were farmers, and many of them were illiterate. So raising their level of awareness was a ‘’tall order’’. Yet the Revolution, which had resulted in the overthrow of the nobility, in February of that year, was still raging. For that reason, countless common people were still ‘’in motion’’, politically active, or ‘’thirsting for knowledge’’, if you will. Lenin and the Bolsheviks provided them with that knowledge.

This brings me to a statement Lenin made, which sums up the experience of all three Russian Revolutions, of the Twentieth Century. It is the previous experience of all revolutions, especially the experience of the Russian Revolutions, which we can- and must- learn from, as our Revolution closely resembles the October Revolution.

This summary of the experience of those Revolutions, is referred to as ‘’theory’’. It is our duty to apply those lessons to our current Revolution. This provides us with the best chance of success. 

It is of such critical importance, I think it should be placed in poster form, and hung in the homes of all advanced workers, as well as in all Union halls:

‘’The fundamental law of revolution, which has been confirmed by all revolutions, and especially by all three Russian revolutions in the twentieth century, is as follows: for a revolution to take place, it is not enough for the exploited and oppressed masses to realize the impossibility of living in the old way, and demand changes; for a revolution to take place, it is essential that the exploiters should not be able to live and rule in the old way. It is only when the ‘lower classes’ do not want to live in the old way, and the ‘upper classes’ cannot carry on in the old way, that the revolution can triumph. This truth can be expressed in other words: revolution is impossible without a nation wide crisis (affecting both the exploited and exploiters). It follows that, for a revolution to take place, it is essential, first, that a majority of the workers (or at least a majority of the class conscious, thinking and politically active workers), should fully realize that revolution is necessary, and that they should be prepared to die for it; second, that the ruling classes should be going through a governmental crisis, which draws even the most backward masses into politics (symptomatic of every genuine revolution is a rapid, tenfold and even hundredfold increase in the size of the working and oppressed masses- hitherto apathetic- who are capable of waging the political struggle), weakens the government, and makes it possible for the revolutionaries to rapidly overthrow it.’’ (italics by Lenin)

There is a reason I deliberately started this article, with a reference to the ‘’Special Congressional Midterm Election’’, within the state of Tennessee. That reason was not to bore readers. Who cares about the winner? It was to drive home the point that this ‘’uprising’’, as a result of the Second American Revolution, is now ‘’broad and deep’’. It has even reached one of the most remote corners of the country! 

Without doubt, the Revolution has reached countless people. Those who were formerly apathetic, are now politically active! They are no longer content to ‘’live in the old way’’! They are ‘’demanding change’’! Politically active!

That is one requirement for the Revolution to be successful. But what of the second requirement, that the ‘’upper classes cannot carry on in the old way’’? 

To answer that question, we have only to examine the headlines, of the mainstream press. It is not a ‘’pretty site’’. A cursory examination would lead us to believe that the journalists are doing their best to depress people, by spreading ‘’doom and gloom’’. And in fact, a considerable number of working people do not follow the news, for that reason. Or at least, they never used to follow the news!

That is changing, due to the Revolution. 

It is safe to say that the ‘’Epstein Scandal’’, has attracted the attention of countless people. It is further safe to say that no one is ‘’buying’’ the ‘’official cause of death’’, as being that of ‘’suicide by hanging’’, if only because it is simply not possible to hang oneself, while in prison. 

Not that too many people are too ‘’broken hearted’’, concerning the death of one child molester, a most prolific pedophile, one who was allegedly responsible for the rape of possibly one thousand underage girls!

No, the reason for the concern, is that Epstein allegedly ‘’made a career’’ of selling those underage girls, to numerous ‘’rich and powerful’’ men. And not just Americans! As long as they had the money! Epstein did not care about the nationality! Especially as these ‘’encounters’’ were very likely video recorded!

Assuming that to be true, then it gives a great many people, all of whom are very rich, and very powerful -the two tend to go together!- with a good reason to want Epstein dead! After all, ‘’dead men tell no tales’’.

The murder of a great many people, in the Caribbean, has also ‘’caught the attention’’ of the ‘’public’’. President Trump has decided that these fishing boats are carrying drugs, bound for America, and must be destroyed. In one example, after one air strike, two survivors were seen in the water, clinging to the remains of the boat. So a second air strike was ordered, a ‘’double tap’’, to make sure all were killed. Cold blooded murder! Also a war crime! Working people are quite concerned about this too. 

Other ‘’issues’’ which are ‘’cause for concern’’, among the ruling class of monopoly capitalists, the multi billionaires, the bourgeoisie, are the possible impeachment and removal from office, of Trump; the possible Supreme Court ruling, to the effect that the tariffs imposed by Trump are illegal; the fact that Trump is calling for the murder of several Members of Congress, both House of Representatives and Senate, as they are ‘’guilty of sedition’’; a former 4 Star General is now openly opposing Trump; the head of the FBI was allegedly caught lying under oath; various members of the administration, as well as his personal lawyers, are ‘’quitting in droves’’; the courts have ruled that his ‘’presidential immunity’’ is not absolute, that it does not apply to his personal business. 

All of this has led to a ‘’Constitutional crisis’’, as the mainstream press is referring to it. This sentiment is echoed by the Leftist press. They are mistaken. It is not a Constitutional crisis. It is a crisis in capitalism! The exploiters, the ruling class of multi billionaires, can no longer rule in the old way! 

The two requirements, for a successful revolution, according to Lenin, have just been met. The ‘’lower classes’’, the common people, both workers and farmers, are no longer content to ‘’live in the old way’’. As well, the ‘’upper class’’, in this case the monopoly capitalists, the multi billionaires, the bourgeoisie, ‘’cannot carry on in the old way’’. Excellent!

This is not to say that a successful conclusion, to this, the Second American Revolution, is a ‘’sure thing’’. Most emphatically, it is not. The bourgeoisie is not to be underestimated! They are not entirely stupid! They have been in power for a great many years, and during that time, have ‘’learned a thing or two’’. 

In response to this ‘’Constitutional crisis’’, as they refer to it, they have brought out their ‘’big guns’’, so to speak. They are doing their best to reassure people, to ‘’calm the waters’’, to pacify people, to quell the Revolutionary motion!

Those who are engaged in this less than noble pursuit, include a former president, Bill Clinton. As well, Warren Buffet, one of the richest men in the country, if not the world, is ‘’trying his hand’’ at quelling the Revolution. 

I mention this, as it is an indication of the strength of the Revolutionary motion. Even though the monopoly capitalists may not understand that which is happening, they can feel the pressure, and are responding. 

Now it is our duty, the duty of conscious people, Scientific Socialists, Communists, to raise the level of awareness of the common people, the workers and family farmers. The most advanced workers must be raised to the level of true Communists, aware of the revolutionary theories of Marx and Lenin. They in turn, will raise the level of awareness of the less advanced, as the less advanced pay strict attention to the most advanced. 

Just as it was necessary to raise the level of awareness of the Russian common people, in the summer of 1917, so too, it is necessary to raise the level of awareness of the American common people, both workers and family farmers. At least, the most advanced members of the common people, especially the workers, the proletariat, must become convinced of the necessity of overthrowing the monopoly capitalists, the multi billionaires, the bourgeoisie, of smashing the existing state apparatus, and establishing the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.

But is that even possible? Absolutely! The fact is that, in 1917, under far more difficult circumstances, Lenin managed to accomplish just that. In fact, within a few short months, he was able to prepare the common people for the Insurrection, that which has gone down in history as the Great Russian Soviet Socialist Proletariat Revolution, in October of that year.

We have the advantage of a numerically large working class, a proletariat. This is significant, as it is the proletariat which leads the revolution. It is the ‘’only consistently revolutionary class’’, according to Lenin. As well, there are relatively few family farmers, if only because the bourgeoisie has done such a fine job of driving them into bankruptcy. 

Then too, the working class is quite cultured. Most workers are literate, and have access to various digital devices. The goal of raising their level of awareness is now much easier.  

Bear in mind that, just as a spontaneous uprising took place in Russia, so too, such an uprising could happen here. The chances of such a spontaneous uprising being successful are slim, and would almost certainly result in the wide spread crushing, of all common people, with considerable brutality. 

No one can predict just when such an uprising will take place! They are similar to earthquakes. We know they are going to strike. We just do not know when! For that reason, we had best be prepared. 

Having said that, it is also true that, unlike earthquakes, such spontaneous uprisings can be forestalled! It makes so much more sense to prepare for an insurrection. To plan it out carefully, to organize it, to strike at the right time, at the right place, in all key parts of the country. Just as happened in Russia, on October 25, 1917, old style calendar, or November 7, new style calendar. A successful insurrection! Which gave birth to Soviet Socialist Russia!

A similar thing has to take place here, in North America. We have got to get organized, to prepare for the insurrection. All people who are Scientific Socialists, true Communists, must come together and form a Communist Party. Without such a Party, to give direction, such an insurrection has less chance of being successful. 

As well, in the interests of raising the level of awareness of the working people, may I suggest flooding social media, as well as displaying on posters and banners, the following slogans:

Workers of the World, Unite!

Scientific Socialism!

Dictatorship of the Proletariat!

Peace! Democracy! Socialism!